When you purchase most goods or services in Canada, you have to pay for the item or service as well as the GST. The Goods and Services Tax, or GST, is a visible tax in Canada. More information about the group’s research can be found at the SIMTech Manufacturing Execution and Control Group webpage.Pumping gas, travelling a toll road, buying a car, using an airport: tax is everywhere and must be calculated into the cost of transportation. The A*STAR-affiliated researchers contributing to this research are from the Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology. The team also intends to customize the monitoring system to other manufacturing industries. For instance, integrating more data analysis functions into the system will provide shop-floor managers with more effective advice. Hu notes that there is a lot of scope for improving the system. Managers can then use this information to take appropriate action to ensure timely delivery. By combining several simple events and extrapolating based on the probabilities of simple events transitioning from incomplete to complete, the discrete-event observer can assess whether delayed delivery is likely. This process was repeated until the order had been completed.Ī simple event can be in one of two states - incomplete or complete. Once the worker had completed the task, the order was passed to another operator and the RFID was rescanned. In testing the system on the shop floor of a precision machining plant, a simple event occurred when a worker received a work order and scanned the associated RFID. This observer constructs complex events - such as delays in delivery - by using probabilities derived from past plant operations to extrapolate ‘simple event’ raw data collected by scanning RFID tags. “The biggest challenge was designing an efficient scheme that allowed computers to rapidly process the data and engineers to conveniently modify the monitoring rules,” notes Hu.Īccordingly, Hu and colleagues incorporated a discrete-event observer in their program. However, it was not so easy to figure out how to best use the collected data. Getting data from machinery was relatively simple - RFID tags are ubiquitous, being used in everything from shoplifting prevention technology to electronic road-toll collection. To design such a monitoring system, Hu and co-workers, through consultation with manufacturers, identified specific areas of concern as being machine breakdown, staff availability, machine status and work order flow. To eliminate the trifecta of defects, waste and accidents, monitoring systems need to extract timely, precise and, most importantly, usable information. “The factory of the future will have zero defects, zero waste and zero accidents,” explains Jinwen Hu, who developed the system with colleagues from the A*STAR Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology. This system will enable managers to make better, more timely decisions. To track work in progress, A*STAR scientists combined the popular radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags with rigorous computational processing of ‘discrete-event observers’. Individual operations on the shop floor of an industrial plant can be tracked using a sophisticated automated monitoring system that employs advanced mathematical techniques. Radio-frequency identification tags in combination with a sophisticated computer program are used to provide a snapshot of shop-floor conditions in manufacturing industries. An advanced system based on discrete events paves the way for automated industrial monitoring
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